Используйте «subsistence» в предложении

1. The loans offer the prospect of raising incomes above bare subsistence

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2. They talked of where Alan had been (the desert); and that she lived as a hunter/gatherer with a little subsistence farming, that her house was fifteen feet up in a tree in case of theirops and that she liked to paint and mountain climb for recreation

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3. As soon as stock has accumulated in the hands of particular persons, some of them will naturally employ it in setting to work industrious people, whom they will supply with materials and subsistence, in order to make a profit by the sale of their work, or by what their labour adds to the value of the materials

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4. The workmen, accordingly, very seldom derive any advantage from the violence of those tumultuous combinations, which, partly from the interposition of the civil magistrate, partly from the superior steadiness of the masters, partly from the necessity which the greater part of the workmen are under of submitting for the sake of present subsistence, generally end in nothing but the punishment or ruin of the ringleaders

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5. The subsistence which they find there is so scanty, that they are eager to fish up the nastiest garbage thrown overboard from any European ship

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6. The performance of this horrid office is even said to be the avowed business by which some people earn their subsistence

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7. The lowest class being not only overstocked with its own workmen, but with the overflowings of all the other classes, the competition for employment would be so great in it, as to reduce the wages of labour to the most miserable and scanty subsistence of the labourer

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8. Many would not he able to find employment even upon these hard terms, but would either starve, or be driven to seek a subsistence, either by begging, or by the perpetration perhaps, of the greatest enormities

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9. In a fertile country, which had before been much depopulated, where subsistence, consequently, should not be very difficult, and where, notwithstanding, three or four hundred thousand people die of hunger in one year, we maybe assured that the funds destined for the maintenance of the labouring poor are fast decaying

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10. A slave, however, or one absolutely dependent on us for immediate subsistence, would not be treated in this manner

11. His daily subsistence would be proportioned to his daily necessities

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12. This difference, however, in the mode of their subsistence, is not the cause, but the effect, of the difference in their wages; though, by a strange misapprehension, I have frequently heard it represented as the cause

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13. A plentiful subsistence increases the bodily strength of the labourer, and the comfortable hope of bettering his condition, and of ending his days, perhaps, in ease and plenty, animates him to exert that strength to the utmost

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14. A plentiful subsistence, therefore, it has been concluded, relaxes, and a scanty one quickens their industry

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15. In years of plenty, servants frequently leave their masters, and trust their subsistence to what they can make by their own industry

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16. In years of scarcity, the difficulty and uncertainty of subsistence make all such people eager to return to service

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17. In dear years, too, poor independent workmen frequently consume the little stock with which they had used to supply themselves with the materials of their work, and are obliged to become journeymen for subsistence

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18. In 1740, a year of extraordinary scarcity, many people were willing to work for bare subsistence

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19. have commonly no other means of subsistence ; and the price of the lodging must pay, not

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20. those in another are obliged to content themselves with bare subsistence

21. The sea in the neighbourhood of the islands of Shetland is more than commonly abundant in fish, which makes a great part of the subsistence of their inhabitants

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22. As men, like all other animals, naturally multiply in proportion to the means of their subsistence, food is always more or less in demand

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23. that the whole territory, like the lands in the neighbourhood of a great town, has not been sufficient to produce both the grass and the corn necessary for the subsistence of their inhabitants

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24. Even though the world in general were improving, yet if, in the course of its improvements, new mines should be discovered, much more fertile than any which had been known before, though the demand for silver would necessarily increase, yet the supply might increase in so much a greater proportion, that the real price of that metal might gradually fall; that is, any given quantity, a pound weight of it, for example, might gradually purchase or command a smaller and a smaller quantity of labour, or exchange for a smaller and a smaller quantity of corn, the principal part of the subsistence of the labourer

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25. Corn, besides, or whatever else is the common and favourite vegetable food of the people, constitutes, in every civilized country, the principal part of the subsistence of the labourer

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26. Butcher's meat, except in the most thriving countries, or where labour is most highly rewarded, makes but an insignificant part of his subsistence; poultry makes a still smaller part of it, and game no part of it

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27. The money price of labour, therefore, depends much more upon the average money price of corn, the subsistence of the labourer, than upon that of butcher's meat, or of any other part of the rude produce of land

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28. Labour, it must be remembered, is the ultimate price which is paid for every thing; and in countries where labour is equally well rewarded, the money price of labour will be in proportion to that of the subsistence of the labourer

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29. But gold and silver will naturally exchange for a greater quantity of subsistence in a rich than in a poor country ; in a country which abounds with subsistence, than in one which is but indifferently supplied with it

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30. China is a much richer country than any part of Europe, and the difference between the price of subsistence in China and in Europe is very great

31. The difference between the money price of labour in China and in Europe, is still greater than that between the money price of subsistence; because the real recompence of labour is higher in Europe than in China, the greater part of Europe being in an improving state, while China seems to be standing still

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32. The Spanish armies, though they scarce ever exceeded five hundred men, and frequently did not amount to half that number, found almost everywhere great difficulty in procuring subsistence

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33. Their real price, the quantity of labour and subsistence which was given away for them, was about one-third more than their nominal price is apt to express to us in the present times

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34. The bulk of the villagers were eating, albeit subsistence rations

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35. Seius gave for the nightingale the command of a quantity of labour and subsistence, equal to what £ 66:13: 4d

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36. What occasioned the extravagance of those high prices was, not so much the abundance of silver, as the abundance of labour and subsistence, of which those Romans had the disposal, beyond what was necessary for their own use

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37. The quantity of silver, of which they had the disposal, was a good deal less than what the command of the same quantity of labour and subsistence would have procured to them in the present times

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38. They have become worth, not only a greater quantity of silver, but a greater quantity of labour and subsistence than before

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39. As it costs a greater quantity of labour and subsistence to bring them to market, so, when they are brought thither they represent, or are equivalent to a greater quantity

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40. In those ancient times, a tod of wool would have purchased twice the quantity of subsistence which it will purchase at present, and consequently twice the quantity of labour, if the real recompence of labour had been the same in both periods

41. Through its nominal price, therefore, is higher in the present than it was in those ancient times, its real price, the real quantity of subsistence which it will purchase or command, is rather somewhat lower

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42. Their quantity, in every particular country, seems to depend upon two different circumstances ; first, upon its power of purchasing, upon the state of its industry, upon the annual produce of its land and labour, in consequence of which it can afford to employ a greater or a smaller quantity of labour and subsistence, in bringing or purchasing such superfluities as gold and silver, either from its own mines, or from those of other countries; and, secondly, upon the fertility or barrenness of the mines which may happen at any particular time to supply the commercial world with those metals

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43. Countries which have a great quantity of labour and subsistence to spare, can afford to purchase any particular quantity of those metals at the expense of a greater quantity of labour and subsistence, than countries which have less to spare

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44. quantity of labour and subsistence equal to what that sum would purchase in the present times

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45. For a yard of this cloth the poor servant must have parted with the power of purchasing a quantity of subsistence equal to what eight shillings and ninepence would purchase in the present times

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46. It was probably a household manufacture, in which every different part of the work was occasionally performed by all the different members of almost every private family, but so as to be their work only when they had nothing else to do, and not to be the principal business from which any of them derived the greater part of their subsistence

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47. The work which is performed in this manner, it has already been observed, comes always much cheaper to market than that which is the principal or sole fund of the workman's subsistence

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48. The fine manufacture, on the other hand, was not, in those times, carried on in England, but in the rich and commercial country of Flanders; and it was probably conducted then, in the same manner as now, by people who derived the whole, or the principal part of their subsistence from it

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49. The gross revenue of all the inhabitants of a great country comprehends the whole annual produce of their land and labour; the neat revenue, what remains free to them, after deducting the expense of maintaining first, their fixed, and, secondly, their circulating capital, or what, without encroaching upon their capital, they can place in their stock reserved for immediate consumption, or spend upon their subsistence

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50. A certain quantity of materials, and the labour of a certain number of workmen, both of which might have been immediately employed to augment the food, clothing, and lodging, the subsistence and conveniencies of the society, are thus diverted to another employment, highly advantageous indeed, but still different from this one

51. A certain quantity of very valuable materials, gold and silver, and of very curious labour, instead of augmenting the stock reserved for immediate consumption, the subsistence, conveniencies, and amusements of individuals, is employed in supporting that great but expensive instrument of commerce, by means of which every individual in the society has his subsistence, conveniencies, and amusements, regularly distributed to him in their proper proportions

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52. Thus, if a guinea be the weekly pension of a particular person, he can in the course of the week purchase with it a certain quantity of subsistence, conveniencies, and amusements

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53. The judicious operations of banking enable him to convert this dead stock into active and productive stock ; into materials to work upon ; into tools to work with ; and into provisions and subsistence to work for ; into stock which produces something both to himself and to his country

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54. Unproductive labourers, and those who do not labour at all, are all maintained by revenue; either, first, by that part of the annual produce which is originally destined for constituting a revenue to some particular persons, either as the rent of land, or as the profits of stock ; or, secondly, by that part which, though originally destined for replacing a capital, and for maintaining productive labourers only, yet when it comes into their hands, whatever part of it is over and above their necessary subsistence, may be employed in maintaining indifferently either productive or unproductive hands

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55. The rent of land and the profits of stock are everywhere, therefore, the principal sources from which unproductive hands derive their subsistence

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56. Nothing can be more convenient for such a person than to be able to purchase his subsistence from day to day, or even from hour to hour, as he wants it

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57. The country supplies the town with the means of subsistence and the materials of manufacture

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58. The town, in which there neither is nor can be any reproduction of substances, may very properly be said to gain its whole wealth and subsistence from the country

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59. As subsistence is, in the nature of things, prior to conveniency and luxury, so the industry which procures the former, must necessarily be prior to that which ministers to the latter

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60. The cultivation and improvement of the country, therefore, which affords subsistence, must, necessarily, be prior to the increase of the town, which furnishes only the means of conveniency and luxury

61. It is the surplus produce of the country only, or what is over and above the maintenance of the cultivators, that constitutes the subsistence of the town, which can therefore increase only with the increase of the surplus produce

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62. The town, indeed, may not always derive its whole subsistence from the country in its neighbourhood, or even from the territory to which it belongs, but from very distant countries; and this, though it forms no exception from the general rule, has occasioned considerable variations in the progress of opulence in different ages and nations

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63. It is this commerce which supplies the inhabitants of the town, both with the materials of their work, and the means of their subsistence

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64. Neither their employment nor subsistence, therefore, can augment, but in proportion to the augmentation of the demand from the country for finished work ; and this demand can augment only in proportion to the extension of improvement and cultivation

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65. From artificer he becomes planter ; and neither the large wages nor the easy subsistence which that country affords to artificers, can bribe him rather to work for other people than for himself

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66. He feels that an artificer is the servant of his customers, from whom he derives his subsistence; but that a planter who cultivates his own land, and derives his necessary subsistence from the labour of his own family, is really a master, and independent of all the world

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67. When land, like moveables, is considered as the means only of subsistence and enjoyment, the natural law of succession divides it, like them, among all the children of the family ; of all of whom the subsistence and enjoyment may be supposed equally dear to the father

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68. But when land was considered as the means, not of subsistence merely, but of power and protection, it was thought better that it should descend undivided to one

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69. But men in this defenceless state naturally content themselves with their necessary subsistence ; because, to acquire more, might only tempt the injustice of their oppressors

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70. That industry, therefore, which aims at something more than necessary subsistence, was established in cities long before it was commonly practised by the occupiers of land in the country

71. The inhabitants of a city, it is true, must always ultimately derive their subsistence, and the whole materials and means of their industry, from the country

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72. Each of those countries, perhaps, taken singly, could afford it but a small part, either of its subsistence or of its employment ; but all of them taken together, could afford it both a great subsistence and a great employment

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73. Even such of them as were not in a state of villanage, were tenants at will, who paid a rent in no respect equivalent to the subsistence which the land afforded them

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74. The subsistence of both is derived from his bounty, and its continuance depends upon his good pleasure

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75. Each tradesman or artificer derives his subsistence from the employment, not of one, but of a hundred or a thousand different customers

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76. Few countries, too, produce much more rude produce than what is sufficient for the subsistence of their own

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77. To send abroad any great quantity of it, therefore, would be to send abroad a part of the necessary subsistence of the people

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78. Subsistence, they say, becomes necessarily dearer in consequence of such taxes ; and the price of labour must always rise with the price of the labourer's subsistence

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79. Were those high duties and prohibitions taken away all at once, cheaper foreign goods of the same kind might be poured so fast into the home market, as to deprive all at once many thousands of our people of their ordinary employment and means of subsistence

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80. Secondly, Though a great number of people should, by thus restoring the freedom of trade, be thrown all at once out of their ordinary employment and common method of subsistence, it would by no means follow that they would thereby be deprived either of employment or subsistence

81. inconveniency, they were not thereby deprived of all employment and subsistence

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82. The manufacturer has always been accustomed to look for his subsistence from his labour only ; the soldier to expect it from his pay

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83. The capital, therefore, employed in this trade could, in each of the two countries, keep in motion four, five, or six times the quantity of industry, and afford employment and subsistence to four, five, or six times the number of people, which all equal capital could do in the greater part of the other branches of foreign trade

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84. Holland, perhaps, approaches the nearest to this character of any, though still very remote from it; and Holland, it is acknowledged, not only derives its whole wealth, but a great part of its necessary subsistence, from foreign trade

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85. So very heavy a tax upon the first necessary of life-must either reduce the subsistence of the labouring poor, or it must occasion some augmentation in their pecuniary wages, proportionable to that in the pecuniary price of their subsistence

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86. When, either by the monopoly of the home market, or by a bounty upon exportation, you enable our woollen or linen manufacturers to sell their goods for somewhat a better price than they otherwise could get for them, you raise, not only the nominal, but the real price of those goods; you render them equivalent to a greater quantity of labour and subsistence; you increase not only the nominal, but the real profit, the real wealth and revenue of those manufacturers ; and you enable them, either to live better themselves, or to employ a greater quantity of labour in those particular manufactures

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87. The people feel themselves so much interested in what relates either to their subsistence in this life, or to their happiness in a life to come, that government must yield to their prejudices, and, in order to preserve the public tranquillity, establish that system which they approve of

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88. The citizens, therefore, who had no land, had scarce any other means of subsistence but the bounties of the candidates at the annual elections

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89. The £30 which he gets for it when it is finished, is no more than the repayment of the subsistence which he advances to himself during the two years that he is employed about it

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90. The extreme poverty of the greater part of the persons employed in this expensive, though trifling manufacture, may satisfy us that the price of their work does not, in ordinary cases, exceed the value of their subsistence

91. Artificers, manufacturers, and merchants, can augment the revenue and wealth of their society by parsimony only ; or, as it is expressed in this system, by privation, that is, by depriving themselves of a part of the funds destined for their own subsistence

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92. Farmers and country labourers, on the contrary, may enjoy completely the whole funds destined for their own subsistence, and yet augment, at the same time, the revenue and wealth of their society

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93. Over and above what is destined for their own subsistence, their industry annually affords a neat produce, of which the augmentation necessarily augments the revenue and wealth of their society

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94. They furnish it both with the materials of its work, and with the fund of its subsistence, with the corn and cattle which it consumes while it is employed about that work

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95. manufactures, a greater quantity of subsistence can be annually imported into a particular country, than what its own lands, in the actual state of their cultivation, could afford

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96. inhabitants of a town, though they frequently possess no lands of their own, yet draw to themselves, by their industry, such a quantity of the rude produce of the lands of other people, as supplies them, not only with the materials of their work, but with the fund of their subsistence

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97. It is thus that Holland draws a great part of its subsistence from other countries; live cattle from Holstein and Jutland, and corn from almost all the different countries of Europe

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98. The one exports what can subsist and accommodate but a very few, and imports the subsistence and accommodation of a great number

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99. The other exports the accommodation and subsistence of a great number, and imports that of a very few only

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100. The inhabitants of the one must always enjoy a much greater quantity of subsistence than what their own lands, in the actual state of their